Tuesday, December 31, 2019
The Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children - 1548 Words
The Effects of Divorce on Children Mikele J. King Medaille College Abstract The current divorce rate suggests that one out of every two marriages will end in divorce. This paper is a critical literature review that explores the hypothesis that divorce has detrimental effects on children. Six different risks have been suggested to cause the differences in an increased need for help between divorced family children and two-parent family children: parental loss, economic loss, more life stress, poor parental adjustment, lack of parental competence, and exposure to conflict between parents. This paper examines the research on how divorce negatively effects children, and explores the unanswered question of how it effects them through young adulthood. Introduction Divorce is the legal ending of a marriage between two people. The current divorce rate is 50%, meaning one out of every two marriages will end in divorce. The objective of this paper is to conduct a critical literature review by examining various studies and meta-analyses of children who experienced the divorce of their parents. The goal of this review is to support the idea that divorce has detrimental effects on children, as well as examine how it effects them through young adulthood. In 1991, Amato and Keith examined whether or not there were differences between children who live in two-parent families versus children who live in divorced families. They reviewed 92 studies involving 13,000Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children1255 Words à |à 6 Pages The effects of divorce on children Throughout time, people from all over the world have chosen to live together, or ââ¬Å"get marriedâ⬠. Marriage is a beautiful thing, but there are some couples who are unable to maintain their relationship, because they choose divorce as a solution to cope with the problems between husband and wife. Although divorce can be solution to cope with problem between the husband and wife, it still has dangerous effects especially on their children. Children with divorced parentsRead MoreChildren Of Divorce And Its Effect On Children913 Words à |à 4 PagesChildren of Divorce Children of divorce are numerous, the effects of their biological parents separation and subsequent divorce has lasting effects on their behavior, academics, and their emotions. No one seems to care about the prevalence of divorce in society today; it is no longer considered taboo. Every year more than half of all marriages between a male and female end in divorce (Weaver Schofield, 2015), and data from the 1990 census states that over one millionRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children1540 Words à |à 7 Pagesterminated today due to divorce rather than death (Rasul, 2006 p. 30). Although an ancient tradition, divorce rates have been skyrocketing, and the current rates are virtually unprecedented in any industrial society. Many factors might lead to a divorce, and they include: conflicting cultural backgrounds, age differences, child presence, and many more (Schoen, 1975 p. 548). In this research paper, I will attempt to examine the effects of divorce on children, and try to examine how children learn to cope withRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children900 Words à |à 4 PagesDivorce in and of itself does not harm children; it is the intensity and duration of the conflict between parents that negatively impacts a children adjustment. After a divorce or separation, it isnââ¬â¢t uncommon for children to display some behavioral issues. A child acting out shouldnââ¬â¢t come as a complete surprise because after all, a divorce is a challenging obstacle for the entire family to go through. Behavioral issues in children of divorce can range from mild acting out to destructive behaviorRead MoreEffects Of Divorce On Children And Divorce1460 Words à |à 6 Pagestodayââ¬â¢s world, most people accept divorce or separation as a way of life. Parents are unaware or do not understand the damage it can have on their children. However, in some instances, it is better to get out of an abusive relationship because that can be as toxic as divorce. On average, 50% of children who are born with married parents, will experience divorce before the age of 18 (Children and Divorce Baucom, 2010-2017). Along with divorce statistics, 40% of children in America are raised withoutRead MoreEffect Of Divorce On C hildren1068 Words à |à 5 PagesEffects of Divorce on Children While divorce may reduce strain on a failing marriage, it may cause damaging effects on the children. Often times parents are too concerned on the marriage to notice the effects on children. From the way parents react in front of the children to new marriages all can directly affect the daily lives, and behavior of children. Though, there are ways to mitigate some of the issues that can come with divorce, possibly avoiding some of the effects all together. UnfortunatelyRead MoreDivorce And Its Effects On Children1296 Words à |à 6 Pages50% of all the children born to married parents today, will experience the divorce of their parentsââ¬â¢ before they are eighteen years old. Divorce in and of itself doesnââ¬â¢t necessarily harm a child, but the conflict between parents does. A childââ¬â¢s behavior correlates directly with the effects of their parentsââ¬â¢ separation. Deep emotional wounds are created before, during, and after divorce and separation. It is rare that you find a child that actually wants their parents to separate, unless the marriageRead MoreDivorce : The Effect On Children1084 Words à |à 5 PagesNicole Halterman Professor Tausch CTI 102 D Written Communication 4 October 2014 Divorce: the Effect on Children In todayââ¬â¢s society, divorce has become a normal occurrence. Married couples today are getting divorces due to many different reasons; conflicts in the marriage, a loss of romantic feelings, perhaps a spouse is having an affair, or other types of problems. Most divorces have children that are really young and due to their age, they do not have any idea how to deal with this type of situationRead MoreDivorce And Its Effects On Children1343 Words à |à 6 Pagesknow that the divorce rate in the United States hovers around fifty percent, including forty percent under the age of 21. In that fifty percent one of every six adults is likely to go through a divorce twice. Not only does divorce affect the adults involved, but forty percent of children in the United States will experience parental divorce (Portnoy, 2008). Children with divorced parents struggle with negative consequences emotionally, mentally, and academically compared to those children from intactRead MoreDivorce And Its Effect On Children998 Words à |à 4 PagesDivorce has become very popular in the United States. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, on average 50% of marriages result in a failed marriage. This percentage has been at itââ¬â¢s all time high. Not many couples have sustained a successful marriage in present days. Divorces have been around for a long time, and unfortunately kids have always been affected the most according to their age. As a result of divorce, there are many children that have to go through this situation at a very young age
Monday, December 23, 2019
John Holland Theory Of Personality - 2069 Words
Assignment 1: Theory Selection Career and work have varying meaning for most individuals. Some view their careers as part of their identity and status. For others, work is a means to support themselves and enable them to pursue other interests. Still others seek careers that are satisfying and provide them with an opportunity to express their personalities and values. People change careers often for a variety of reasons in todayââ¬â¢s society. Some transitions are due to job displacement while others are voluntary. Furthermore, Americanââ¬â¢s are retiring at later ages than in years past. In order to assist individuals in obtaining careers that match their values and meet their needs, counselors must utilize a variety of evidence basedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦By identifying an individualââ¬â¢s personality type and corresponding work environments, they are able to determine which careers are most congruent for them; resulting in more personal job satisfaction, stability , and increased job performance. To simplify the process of identifying congruent work environments, Holland created a hexagonal model to illustrate the relationships between personality types (Nauta, 2010; Niles Harris-Bowlsbey, 2013). Using this model, the career counselor can easily assist the client in identifying those careers that more congruent, somewhat congruent, and incongruent. It is believed that those work environments which directly correlate to oneââ¬â¢s personality type provide the most congruence, while those that are adjacent are less congruent, and those on the opposite side of the hexagon will provide the least congruence. Once the levels of congruence are identified, the client may explore groups of careers that fit each within these types. Other key concepts of Hollandââ¬â¢s theory include differentiation, which refers to the level in which a person resembles a particular personality or environment; and consistency, or the extent that each type is relate d (Niles Harris-Bowlsbey, 2013). Holland typically focused on the three personality or environment types that most closely characterized the individual. However, some people or environments are more differentiated, or defined, while others may be consistent with several types.Show MoreRelatedJohn Holland Personality Theory Essay901 Words à |à 4 PagesPersonality is an influential trait that if utilized for career matching, could potentially increase productivity at a job or even equate to a successful career choice. If an individualââ¬â¢s personality has characteristics of a certain trait, such as creativity or idealism, it would be a good idea to get into a career that emphasizes this trait and maximizes that potential. In career counseling there are many theories that are acceptable for utilization in client-counselor relationships, but one inRead MoreAnalyzing John Hollands Theory812 Words à |à 3 PagesBoth John L. Holland John Krumboltzs have made enormous strides in advancing the field of career development and counseling. In the midst of our current global decline, appropriate skills training and counseling is vitally needed. Through the work of these two individuals, society can benefit from a renewed sense of capability in regards to employment John Hollands theory is predicated on personality and its influence over an individuals career aspiration. Holland, through the use of the HollandRead MoreJohn Holland s Theory Of Types847 Words à |à 4 PagesJohn Hollandââ¬â¢s theory of types is one of the most researched and frequently used theories of career development. Holland viewed career choice and career adjustment as an expression of oneââ¬â¢s personality (Ohler Levinson, 2012). Holland theorized that people express themselves through their interest and values, in their career choices and work experiences (Sharf, 2013). Holland posited the people are drawn to certain careers because of their personality preferences in addition to other variable likeRead MoreTheories Providing a Comprehensive and Complimentary Approach to Careers Counsellors Advising Clients.1559 Words à |à 7 PagesTheories providing a comprehensive and complimentary approach to careers counsellors advising clients. The three theories I have chosen are Hollandââ¬â¢s, ââ¬ËTheory of Typesââ¬â¢, Supers ââ¬ËLife Span Theory ââ¬Ëand Krumboltzââ¬â¢s Social Learning Theory. These three theories when used in conjunction with each other appear to provide the most comprehensive and complimentary approach for careers counsellors when advising clients. Hollandââ¬â¢s Theory of Types is based on the assumption that personality types areRead MoreHolland Theory and Application1324 Words à |à 6 PagesJohn Holland made his mark from 1953-1556 while working at Vocational Counseling Service in Perry Point Veterans Hospital followed by his work as the Director of Research for the National Merit Scholarship Corporation. His work at these two organizations leads to the first edition of Vocational Preference Inventory. In 1959, John Holland was published in the Journal of Counseling Psychology for his vocational theory (Gottfredson amp; Johnstun, 2009). He established his theory of matching peopleRead MoreHollandââ¬â¢s Six Personality Types1315 Words à |à 6 PagesSix Occupational Personality Types by - John L. Holland John L Holland, Ph.D., professor emeritus at Johns Hopkins University, is a psychologist who devoted his professional life to researching issues related to career choice and satisfaction. He developed a well-known theory, and designed several assessments and supporting materials to assist people in making effective career choices. His theory and assessment tools have helped millions of people worldwide and are supported by hundreds of researchRead MoreCareer Choices Are A Reflection On An Individualââ¬â¢S Personality1325 Words à |à 6 PagesCareer choices are a reflection on an individualââ¬â¢s personality type. It is believed to be reinforced and rewarded by the individualââ¬â¢s academic environment. The theorist, I will discuss in this paper is John Holland theory. Hollandââ¬â¢s theory provides a framework that is congruent to oneââ¬â¢s personality type. Many personalities are influenced by their environment, which in terms dictates the type of career they choose. The primary purpose of Hollandââ¬â¢s theory is for individuals to look for opportunities toRead MoreThe Theory Of Career Counseling1072 Words à |à 5 Pages(2012) states that John Hollandââ¬â¢s theory is the most widely used, respected, and researched theory of career counseling (pg. 148). With research providing a foundation of effectiveness and usefulness, Hollandââ¬â¢s theory provides a positive framework for assisting clients achieve career and occupational satisfaction. Holland notes various personality types providing one with insight into their interest, traits, and factors that ultimately lead to career happiness. The six personality types previouslyRead MoreAn Analysis of the Two Founders of Career Therapy, John L Holland and Donald E. Super629 Words à |à 3 Pagesto critically compare and contrast the two founders of Career Therapy, John L. Holland and Donald E. Super. Both these theorists spent a life time dedicated to refining helpful tools for use in mak ing vocational choices. Mark Savickas a protà ©gà © of Super talks about how both these amazing theorists have influenced his own Narrative approach. ââ¬Å" From Super I learned the importance of the developmental perspective. From Holland I learned that you are wasting your time if you are doing science thatRead MorePhase 2747 Words à |à 3 PagesKnow Your Personality Dr. John Holland created a theory and inventory to help describe personality types that can be used to identify occupations that are best suited for a particular personality type, or ââ¬Å"Holland Code.â⬠It is important to remember that, as with any personality inventory, this is only an approximation, and the information that is gathered from this exercise should be used in conjunction with the additional information that is covered in this course. Your Holland Code is only
Sunday, December 15, 2019
Frostbite Chapter 3 Free Essays
Three THE LOBBY OF MY DORM was abuzz when I sprinted downstairs to my before-school practice. The commotion didnââ¬â¢t surprise me. A good nightââ¬â¢s sleep had gone far to chase away the images from last night, but I knew neither I nor my classmates would easily forget what had taken place outside Billings. We will write a custom essay sample on Frostbite Chapter 3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now And yet, as I studied the faces and clusters of other novices, I noticed something weird. The fear and tension from yesterday were still around, certainly, but something new was there too: excitement. A couple of freshmen novices were practically squealing with joy as they spoke in hushed whispers. Nearby, a group of guys my own age were gesturing wildly, enthusiastic grins on their faces. I had to be missing something hereunless all of yesterday had been a dream. It took every ounce of self-control I had not to go over and ask somebody what was happening. If I delayed, Iââ¬â¢d be late for practice. The curiosity was killing me, though. Had the Strigoi and their humans been found and killed? That would certainly be good news, but something told me that wasnââ¬â¢t the case. Pushing open the front doors, I lamented that Iââ¬â¢d just have to wait until breakfast to find out. ââ¬Å"Hath-away, donââ¬â¢t run-away,â⬠a singsong voice called. I glanced behind me and grinned. Mason Ashford, another novice and a good friend of mine, jogged up and fell in step with me. ââ¬Å"What are you, twelve?â⬠I asked, continuing on toward the gym. ââ¬Å"Nearly,â⬠he said. ââ¬Å"I missed your smiling face yesterday. Where were you?â⬠Apparently my presence at the Badica house still wasnââ¬â¢t widely known. It wasnââ¬â¢t a secret or anything, but I didnââ¬â¢t want to discuss any gory details. ââ¬Å"Had a training thing with Dimitri.â⬠ââ¬Å"God,â⬠muttered Mason. ââ¬Å"That guy is always working you. Doesnââ¬â¢t he realize heââ¬â¢s depriving us of your beauty and charm?â⬠ââ¬Å"Smiling face? Beauty and charm? Youââ¬â¢re laying it on a little thick this morning, arenââ¬â¢t you?â⬠I laughed. ââ¬Å"Hey, Iââ¬â¢m just telling it like it is. Really, youââ¬â¢re lucky to have someone as suave and brilliant as me paying this much attention to you.â⬠I kept grinning. Mason was a huge flirt, and he liked to flirt with me in particular. Part of it was just because I was good at it and liked to flirt back. But I knew his feelings toward me were more than just friendly, and I was still deciding how I felt about that. He and I had the same goofy sense of humor and frequently drew attention to ourselves in class and among friends. He had gorgeous blue eyes and messy red hair that never seemed to lie flat. It was cute. But dating someone new was going to be kind of difficult when I still kept thinking about the time I was half-naked in bed with Dimitri. ââ¬Å"Suave and brilliant, huh?â⬠I shook my head. ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t think you pay nearly as much attention to me as you do your ego. Someone needs to knock it down a little.â⬠ââ¬Å"Oh yeah?â⬠he asked. ââ¬Å"Well, you can try your best on the slopes.â⬠I stopped walking. ââ¬Å"The what?â⬠ââ¬Å"The slopes.â⬠He tilted his head. ââ¬Å"You know, the ski trip.â⬠ââ¬Å"What ski trip?â⬠I was apparently missing something serious here. ââ¬Å"Where have you been this morning?â⬠he asked, looking at me like I was a crazy woman. ââ¬Å"In bed! I only got up, like, five minutes ago. Now, start from the beginning and tell me what youââ¬â¢re talking about.â⬠I shivered from the lack of movement. ââ¬Å"And letââ¬â¢s keep walking.â⬠We did. ââ¬Å"So, you know how everyoneââ¬â¢s afraid to have their kids come home for Christmas? Well, thereââ¬â¢s this huge ski lodge in Idaho thatââ¬â¢s exclusively used by royals and rich Moroi. The people who own it are opening it up for Academy students and their familiesand actually any other Moroi who want to go. With everyone in one spot, theyââ¬â¢re going to have a ton of guardians to protect the place, so itââ¬â¢ll be totally safe.â⬠ââ¬Å"You canââ¬â¢t be serious,â⬠I said. We reached the gym and stepped inside out of the cold. Mason nodded eagerly. ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s true. The place is supposed to be amazing.â⬠He gave me the grin that always made me smile in return. ââ¬Å"Weââ¬â¢re going to live like royalty, Rose. At least for a week or so. We take off the day after Christmas.â⬠I stood there, both excited and stunned. I hadnââ¬â¢t seen this coming. It really was a brilliant idea, one that let families reunite safely. And what a reunion spot! A royal ski lodge. Iââ¬â¢d expected to spend most of my holiday break hanging out here and watching TV with Lissa and Christian. Now Iââ¬â¢d be living it up in five-star accommodations. Lobster dinners. Massages. Cute ski instructors â⬠¦ Masonââ¬â¢s enthusiasm was contagious. I could feel it welling up in me, and then, suddenly, it slammed to a halt. Studying my face, he saw the change right away. ââ¬Å"Whatââ¬â¢s wrong? This is cool.â⬠ââ¬Å"It is,â⬠I admitted. ââ¬Å"And I get why everyoneââ¬â¢s excited, but the reason weââ¬â¢re getting to go to this fancy place is because, well, because people are dead. I mean, doesnââ¬â¢t this all seem weird?â⬠Masonââ¬â¢s cheery expression sobered a little. ââ¬Å"Yeah, but weââ¬â¢re alive, Rose. We canââ¬â¢t stop living because other people are dead. And we have to make sure more people donââ¬â¢t die. Thatââ¬â¢s why this place is such a great idea. Itââ¬â¢s safe.â⬠His eyes turned stormy. ââ¬Å"God, I canââ¬â¢t wait until weââ¬â¢re out of here in the field. After hearing about what happened, I just want to go tear apart some Strigoi. I wish we could go now, you know? Thereââ¬â¢s no reason. They could use the extra help, and we pretty much know everything we need to.â⬠The fierceness in his voice reminded me of my outburst yesterday, though he wasnââ¬â¢t quite as worked up as Iââ¬â¢d been. His eagerness to act was impetuous and na?ve, whereas mine had been born out of some weird, dark irrationality I still didnââ¬â¢t entirely understand. When I didnââ¬â¢t respond, Mason gave me a puzzled look. ââ¬Å"Donââ¬â¢t you want to?â⬠ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t know, Mase.â⬠I stared down at the floor, avoiding his eyes as I studied the toe of my shoe. ââ¬Å"I mean, I donââ¬â¢t want Strigoi out there, attacking people either. And I want to stop them in theoryâ⬠¦ but, well, we arenââ¬â¢t even close to being ready. Iââ¬â¢ve seen what they can do I donââ¬â¢t know. Rushing in isnââ¬â¢t the answer.â⬠I shook my head and looked back up. Good grief. I sounded so logical and cautious. I sounded like Dimitri. ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s not important since itââ¬â¢s not going to happen anyway. I suppose we should just be excited about the trip, huh?â⬠Masonââ¬â¢s moods were quick to change, and he turned easygoing once more. ââ¬Å"Yup. And youââ¬â¢d better try to remember how to ski, because Iââ¬â¢m calling you out on knocking down my ego out there. Not that itââ¬â¢s going to happen.â⬠I smiled again. ââ¬Å"Boy, it sure is going to be sad when I make you cry. I kind of feel guilty already.â⬠He opened his mouth, no doubt to deliver some smartass reply, and then caught sight of somethingor rather, someonebehind me. I glanced over and saw Dimitriââ¬â¢s tall form approaching from the other side of the gym. Mason swept me a gallant bow. ââ¬Å"Your lord and master. Catch you later, Hathaway. Start planning your ski strategies.â⬠He opened the door and disappeared into the frigid darkness. I turned around and joined Dimitri. Like other dhampir novices, I spent half of my school day on one form or another of guardian training, be it actual physical combat or learning about Strigoi and how to defend against them. Novices also sometimes had practices after school. I, however, was in a unique situation. I still stood by my decision to run away from St. Vladimirââ¬â¢s. Victor Dashkov had posed too much of a threat to Lissa. But our extended vacation had come with consequences. Being away for two years had put me behind in my guardian classes, so the school had declared that I had to make up for it by going to extra practices before and after school. With Dimitri. Little did they know that they were also giving me lessons in avoiding temptation. But my attraction to him aside, I was a fast learner, and with his help, I had almost caught up to the other seniors. Since he wasnââ¬â¢t wearing a coat, I knew weââ¬â¢d be working inside today, which was good news. It was freezing out. Yet even the happiness I felt over that was nothing compared to what I felt when I saw what exactly he had set up in one of the training rooms. There were practice dummies arranged on the far wall, dummies that looked amazingly lifelike. No straw-stuffed burlap bags here. There were men and women, wearing ordinary clothes, with rubbery skin and different hair and eye colors. Their expressions ranged from happy to scared to angry. Iââ¬â¢d worked with these dummies before in other trainings, using them to practice kicks and punches. But Iââ¬â¢d never worked with them while holding what Dimitri held: a silver stake. ââ¬Å"Sweet,â⬠I breathed. It was identical to the one Iââ¬â¢d found at the Badica house. It had a hand grip at the bottom, almost like a hilt without the little side flourishes. That was where its resemblance to a dagger ended. Rather than a flat blade, the stake had a thick, rounded body that narrowed to a point, kind of like an ice pick. The entire thing was a little shorter than my forearm. Dimitri leaned casually against the wall, in an easy stance he always pulled off remarkably well, despite being almost six-seven. With one hand, he tossed the stake into the air. It spun around in a cartwheel a couple of times and then came down. He caught it hilt first. ââ¬Å"Please tell me I get to learn how to do that today,â⬠I said. Amusement flashed in the dark depths of his eyes. I think he had a hard time keeping a straight face around me sometimes. ââ¬Å"Youââ¬â¢ll be lucky if I let you hold it today,â⬠he said. He flipped the stake into the air again. My eyes followed it longingly. I started to point out that I had already held one, but I knew that line of logic would get me nowhere. Instead, I tossed my backpack on the floor, threw off my coat, and crossed my arms expectantly. I had on loose pants tied at the waist and a tank top with a hoodie over it. My dark hair was pulled brutally back into a ponytail. I was ready for anything. ââ¬Å"You want me to tell you how they work and why I should always be cautious around them,â⬠I announced. Dimitri stopped flipping the stake and stared at me in astonishment. ââ¬Å"Come on,â⬠I laughed. ââ¬Å"You donââ¬â¢t think I know how you work by now? Weââ¬â¢ve been doing this for almost three months. You always make me talk safety and responsibility before I can do anything fun.â⬠ââ¬Å"I see,â⬠he said. ââ¬Å"Well, I guess youââ¬â¢ve got it all figured out. By all means, go on with the lesson. Iââ¬â¢ll just wait over here until you need me again.â⬠He tucked the stake into a leather sheath hanging from his belt and then made himself comfortable against the wall, hands stuffed in pockets. I waited, figuring he was joking, but when he said nothing else, I realized heââ¬â¢d meant his words. With a shrug, I launched into what I knew. ââ¬Å"Silver always has powerful effects on any magical creatureit can help or hurt them if you put enough power into it. These stakes are really hard-core because it takes four different Moroi to make them, and they use each of the elements during the forging.â⬠I frowned, suddenly considering something. ââ¬Å"Well, except spirit. So these things are supercharged and are about the only non-decapitating weapon that can do damage to a Strigoibut to kill them, it has to be through the heart.â⬠ââ¬Å"Will they hurt you?â⬠I shook my head. ââ¬Å"No. I mean, well, yeah, if you drive one through my heart it will, but it wonââ¬â¢t hurt me like it would a Moroi. Scratch one of them with this, and itââ¬â¢ll hit them pretty hardbut not as hard as itââ¬â¢d hit a Strigoi. And they wonââ¬â¢t hurt humans, either.â⬠I stopped for a moment and stared absentmindedly at the window behind Dimitri. Frost covered the glass in sparkling, crystalline patterns, but I hardly noticed. Mentioning humans and stakes had transported me back to the Badica house. Blood and death flashed through my thoughts. Seeing Dimitri watching me, I shook off the memories and kept going with the lesson. Dimitri would occasionally give a nod or ask a clarifying question. As the time ticked down, I kept expecting him to tell me I was finished and could start hacking up the dummies. Instead, he waited until almost ten minutes before the end of our session before leading me over to one of themit was a man with blond hair and a goatee. Dimitri took the stake out from its sheath but didnââ¬â¢t hand it to me. ââ¬Å"Where are you going to put this?â⬠he asked. ââ¬Å"In the heart,â⬠I replied irritably. ââ¬Å"I already told you that like a hundred times. Can I have it now?â⬠He allowed himself a smile. ââ¬Å"Whereââ¬â¢s the heart?â⬠I gave him an are-you-serious look. He merely shrugged. With overdramatic emphasis, I pointed to the left side of the dummyââ¬â¢s chest. Dimitri shook his head. ââ¬Å"Thatââ¬â¢s not where the heart is,â⬠he told me. ââ¬Å"Sure it is. People put their hands over their hearts when they say the Pledge of Allegiance or sing the national anthem.â⬠He continued to stare at me expectantly. I turned back to the dummy and studied it. In the back of my brain, I remembered learning CPR and where we had to place our hands. I tapped the center of the dummyââ¬â¢s chest. ââ¬Å"Is it here?â⬠He arched an eyebrow. Normally I thought that was cool. Today it was just annoying. ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t know,â⬠he said. ââ¬Å"Is it?â⬠ââ¬Å"Thatââ¬â¢s what Iââ¬â¢m asking you!â⬠ââ¬Å"You shouldnââ¬â¢t have to ask me. Donââ¬â¢t you all have to take physiology?â⬠ââ¬Å"Yeah. Junior year. I was on ââ¬Ëvacation,ââ¬â¢ remember?â⬠I pointed to the gleaming stake. ââ¬Å"Can I please touch it now?â⬠He flipped the stake again, letting it flash in the light, and then it disappeared in the sheath. ââ¬Å"I want you to tell me where the heart is the next time we meet. Exactly where. And I want to know whatââ¬â¢s in the way of it too.â⬠I gave him my fiercest glare, whichjudging from his expressionmust not have been that fierce. Nine out of ten times, I thought Dimitri was the sexiest thing walking the earth. Then, there were times like this â⬠¦ I headed off to first period, a combat class, in a bad mood. I didnââ¬â¢t like looking incompetent in front of Dimitri, and Iââ¬â¢d really, really wanted to use one of those stakes. So in class I took out my annoyance on anyone I could punch or kick. By the end of class, no one wanted to spar with me. Iââ¬â¢d accidentally hit Meredithone of the few other girls in my classso hard that sheââ¬â¢d felt it through her shin padding. She was going to have an ugly bruise and kept looking at me as though Iââ¬â¢d done it on purpose. I apologized to no avail. Afterward, Mason found me once again. ââ¬Å"Oh, man,â⬠he said, studying my face. ââ¬Å"Who pissed you off?â⬠I immediately launched into my tale of silver stake and heart woes. To my annoyance, he laughed. ââ¬Å"How do you not know where the heart is? Especially considering how many of them youââ¬â¢ve broken?â⬠I gave him the same ferocious look Iââ¬â¢d given Dimitri. This time, it worked. Masonââ¬â¢s face paled. ââ¬Å"Belikov is a sick, evil man who should be thrown into a pit of rabid vipers for the great offense he committed against you this morning.â⬠ââ¬Å"Thank you.â⬠I said primly. Then, I considered. ââ¬Å"Can vipers be rabid?â⬠ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t see why not. Everything can be. I think.â⬠He held the hallway door open for me. ââ¬Å"Canadian geese might be worse than vipers, though.â⬠I gave him a sidelong look. ââ¬Å"Canadian geese are deadlier than vipers?â⬠ââ¬Å"You ever tried to feed those little bastards?â⬠he asked, attempting seriousness and failing. ââ¬Å"Theyââ¬â¢re vicious. You get thrown to vipers, you die quickly. But the geese? Thatââ¬â¢ll go on for days. More suffering.â⬠ââ¬Å"Wow. I donââ¬â¢t know whether I should be impressed or frightened that youââ¬â¢ve thought about all this,â⬠I remarked. ââ¬Å"Just trying to find creative ways to avenge your honor, thatââ¬â¢s all.â⬠ââ¬Å"You just never struck me as the creative type, Mase.â⬠We stood just outside our second-period classroom. Masonââ¬â¢s expression was still light and joking, but there was a suggestive note in his voice when he spoke again. ââ¬Å"Rose, when Iââ¬â¢m around you, I think of all sorts of creative things to do.â⬠I was still giggling about the vipers and abruptly stopped, staring at him in surprise. Iââ¬â¢d always thought Mason was cute, but with that serious, smoky look in his eyes, it suddenly occurred to me for the first time that he was actually kind of sexy. ââ¬Å"Oh, look at that,â⬠he laughed, noticing how much heââ¬â¢d caught me off guard. ââ¬Å"Rose gets rendered speechless. Ashford 1, Hathaway 0.â⬠ââ¬Å"Hey, I donââ¬â¢t want to make you cry before the trip. It wonââ¬â¢t be any fun if Iââ¬â¢ve already broken you before we even hit the slopes.â⬠He laughed, and we stepped into the room. This was a class on bodyguard theory, one that took place in an actual classroom instead of the practice field. It was a nice break from all the physical exertion. Today, there were three guardians standing at the front who werenââ¬â¢t from the schoolââ¬â¢s regiment. Holiday visitors, I realized. Parents and their guardians had already started coming to campus to accompany their children to the ski resort. My interest was piqued immediately. One of the guests was a tall guy who looked like he was about a hundred years old but could still kick major ass. The other guy was about Dimitriââ¬â¢s age. He had deeply tanned skin and was built well enough that a few of the girls in class looked ready to swoon. The last guardian was a woman. Her auburn hair was cropped and curly, and her brown eyes were currently narrowed in thought. As Iââ¬â¢ve said, a lot of dhampir women choose to have children rather than follow the guardian path. Since I too was one of the few women in this profession, I was always excited to meet otherslike Tamara. Only, this wasnââ¬â¢t Tamara. This was someone Iââ¬â¢d known for years, someone who triggered anything but pride and excitement. Instead, I felt resentment. Resentment, anger, and burning outrage. The woman standing in front of the class was my mother. How to cite Frostbite Chapter 3, Essay examples
Friday, December 6, 2019
Theft of Unprotected Data Ethical Issue
Question: Discss about theTheft of Unprotected Data of Ethical Issue. Answer: Introduction This essay focuses on the analysis of the ethical issue of theft of unprotected data. The analysis focuses on the various factors related to such an ethical issue along with the various entities involved in the corresponding ethical situation. It is unethical to steal unprotected data, even if it is the responsibility of the owner to secure it The hypothesis statement mentioned above focuses on the theft of unprotected data along with the responsibilities of the owner of the data. This ethical problem hovers around the fact that some data has been stolen. Now the factor which weighs into the decision making process is the security applied for the data by the owner. One of the argument, which can arise in this situation is, the data was never secured properly by the owner, so its not unethical to take it without the owners consent. Another argument for this situation is that its unethical to take any private data without the owners consent even if its not protected or secured properly (Finn, 2016). Analysis As mentioned before, the ethical dilemma under discussion is the theft of unprotected data and the factors related to the situation. One of the analogy to the situation is an unlocked door in a house. If a house is not protected by a locked door and the owner forgot to lock the door, that doesnt make it ethical for someone to go into the house and take some property. Such as action of an individual can also be considered to be illegal. In the same way, data can be considered to be the intellectual property of an individual irrespective of whether its secured or not. The theft of the intellectual property of any individual should be considered unethical even if the owner didnt keep the property secure (Warren, 2016). Another analogy of the situation is the garbage thrown out to trash in front of a house and whether it is unethical for an individual to go through the dumpster to take some items without the consent of the owner of the house. The action of an individual to go through the dumpster is certainly not illegal, but unethical. In case of a professional environment, the data that isnt useful isnt available ethically for anyone to take it. So even if the data is not useful to the owner, its not ethical for anyone to steal it even when its unsecured or unprotected (Conn, 2013). The code of ethics established by the Australia Computer Society provides a number of guidelines for the decision making process for similar situations. One of the social values focuses in the code of ethics defined by Australian Computer Society is honesty, which in turn can be applied to this situation in order to define the action of stealing unprotected data to be unethical. Professionalism is another social value that the Australian Computer Society focuses on for the code of ethics. As per this social value, its not professional for an individual to steal the unprotected data kept in any condition (Leicester, 2016). If the owner hasnt kept the data secured or protected, professionalism suggests that we should respect the privacy of the owner and leave the data untouched even if its unprotected. The code of ethics from the Australian Computer Society also focuses on the practice of keeping the interest of public in front of personal interests. The application of this social valu e to the situation under analysis, suggests that the interest of the owner of the data should be kept in front of the personal interests. The theft of the unprotected data negatively affects the interest of the owner to keep the data safe, which in turn makes such an action unethical (Casteleyn, 2013). Conclusion It is certainly unethical for an individual to steal unprotected data, even if the owner forgot to keep it safe or the owner didnt want to keep the data safe. The analogies of this situation to the real-world scenarios of a house with its door unlocked and dumpster in front of a house suggested that the action of stealing unprotected data is unethical even if its the responsibilities of the owner to keep it secure. The social values mentioned in the code of ethics established by the Australian Computer Society include professionalism, primacy of the public interest and honesty, all of which suggest that the act of stealing the unprotected information can be considered as unethical. In some situations, such act can also be considered to be illegal. So such factors should be kept in focus in order to avoid from similar actions (Bowern, 2013). References Bowern, M. and Burmeister, O.K., 2013. 14. Business benefits from keeping codes of ethics up to date. Professionalism in the Information and Communication Technology Industry, 3, p.295. Casteleyn, L., Dumez, B., Van Damme, K. and Anwar, W.A., 2013. Ethics and data protection in human biomarker studies in environmental health. International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 216(5), pp.599-605. Conn, J., 2013. Unprotected data. Advocate breach highlights fact that 36% of providers don't use encryption. Modern healthcare, 43(36), pp.16-16. Finn, R.L. and Wright, D., 2016. Privacy, data protection and ethics for civil drone practice: A survey of industry, regulators and civil society organisations. Computer Law Security Review. Leicester, N., 2016. Ethics in the IT Profession: Does a Code of Ethics have an Effect on Professional Behaviour?. Warren, M. and Lucas, R., 2016. Ethics and ICT: Why all the fuss?. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 14(2).
Friday, November 29, 2019
Physical Aging Ectocranial Suture Closure
Introduction Forensic science revolutionized crime investigation strategies (White Folkens, 2005). There is no need to elaborate on its importance because it is a well-known fact that innocent people are convicted while guilty criminals are acquitted if forensic anthropologists fail to provide accurate analysis of the evidence collected by law enforcement agencies (Katzenberg Saunders, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Physical Aging: Ectocranial Suture Closure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One essential aspect of forensic science is the ability to determine the age of the skeletal remains at the time of death (Lieberman, 2011). The technique is called the ectocranial suture closure method. Traditional adult skeletal aging methods focused on four main regions of the human body: 1) the pubic symphysis; 2) auricular surface; 3) sternal rib ends; 4) cranial sutures (Cox Mays, 2000, p. 70). However, the f ocus of this presentation is on ectocranial suture closure. Cranial suture closure is a technique discovered in the 16th century. However, it was considered as an unreliable adult skeletal aging method. However, anthropologists Meindl and Lovejoy re-evaluated the whole process and came up with a revised method called the ectocranial suture closure method. Methodology This particular technique calls for the examination of the state of closure of the sutures of the skull at defined points on the cranium (Meindl Lovejoy, 1985). There are two major steps in the application of Meindl and Lovejoyââ¬â¢s revised endocranial suture closure method. In the first step, the anthropologist uses a complete skull and takes data measurements from a specific suture observation site called the Ectocranial Vault sutures. In the second step, the anthropologist takes data measurement from another suture observation site called the Ectocranial Lateral-Anterior sutures. These two steps comprise the ect ocranial suture closure method. After the establishment of the specific suture observation sites, the anthropologist will gather data using the revised method developed by Meindl and Lovejoy.Advertising Looking for report on aging? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The ten specific sites are listed as follows: 1) Mid-lambdoid; 2) Lambda; 3) Obelion; 4) Anterior sagittal;5) Bregma; 6) Mid-coronal; 7) Pterion; 8) Sphenofrontal; 9) Inferior Sphenofrontal; and 10) Superior Sphenofrontal (DiGangi Moore, 2012, p.78). These ten sites were divided into the ââ¬Å"vault systemâ⬠and the ââ¬Å"lateral-anterior systemâ⬠(Steele Bramblett, 1988, p.57). It is imperative that the anthropologist accurately identifies the specific location of the sutures in accordance to the framework developed by Meindl and Lovejoy. The following information can assist the anthropologist in determining the actual suture locations (see Table 1). Points of the Skull Definition of Terms Mid-lambdoid Midpoint of each half of the lamboid suture Lambda At lambda in pars lambdica of sagittal and pars lambdica of lamboid sutures Obelion At obelion in parts obelica of the sagittal suture Anterior sagittal Point on the sagittal suture at the juncture of the anterior one third and posterior two-thirds of its length (usually near the juncture of the pars bregmatica and pars verticis of the sagittal suture Bregma At bregma in pars bregmatica of the coronal and pars bregmatica of the sagittal sutures Mid-coronal Midpoint of each half of the coronal suture in parts complicate of the coronal suture Pterion At pterion, the region of the upper portion of the greater wing of the sphenoid, usually the point at which the parietosphenoid suture meets the frontal bone Sphenofrontal Midpoint of the sphenofrontal suture Inferior Sphenofrontal Point of the sphenotemporal suture lying at its intersection with a line connecting bot h articular tubercles of the temporomandibular joint Superior Sphenofrontal Point on the sphenotemporal suture lying 2 cm below its juncture with the parietal bone Table 1. Definitions of suture observation sites. After the specific locations were identified, the anthropologist uses a four-point scoring system. The scoring system uses the following criteria: 0 = no observable closure; 1 = minimal closure; 2 = significant closure; and 3 = complete obliteration (DiGangi Moore, 2012, p.78). After observing the ten specific sites, the anthropologist will use a table of composite scores and a mean age and standard deviation for each score (DiGangi Moore, 2012, p.79). The anthropologist compares the values generated and uses the table to determine the estimated age of the skeleton. Research Findings The ectocranial suture closure technique should become one of the major age determination techniques made available to anthropologists. The technique is based on a reliable framework. I t is advantageous to use this particular technique especially when it comes to determining the age group. Moreover, this technique provides the capability to determine the age of the skeleton if other techniques are non-available. At the same time this technique can be used to validate age estimated generated by other techniques.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Physical Aging: Ectocranial Suture Closure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The ectocranial suture closure can help provide an age estimate of the skeletal remains. But scientists are unable to provide a clear explanation when it comes to the correlation of suture closure and age. Another major disadvantage of this technique is the broad age intervals. The broad range intervals can be a problem when it comes to forensics. Forensic anthropologists are faced with the challenge to provide accurate estimates of age while taking into consideration human varia tion in the aging process (Dirkmaat, 2012 p. 203). According to one commentary, ââ¬Å"the narrower, or more precise the age estimate given, the more helpful it can be to law enforcement when eliminating possible identitiesâ⬠(Dirkmaat, 2012 p.203). Critics are quick to point out that this particular technique is an unreliable skeletal aging method (Meindl Lovejoy, 1985 p. 57). Detractors rejected cranial suture closure and remarked that it cannot be trusted (Meindl Lovejoy, 1985, p. 57). Nevertheless, after an in-depth study on different techniques, it was discovered that ââ¬Å"no single skeletal indicator of age at death is ever likely to accurately reflect the many factors which accumulate with chronological age, each of which contribute valuable information to the age estimateâ⬠(Meindl Lovejoy, 1985, p. 65). It o therefore important to useIt is therefore imperative to reconsider the value of the ectocranial suture closure as an alternative tool in the determinatio n of the age of the skeleton at the time of death. Conclusion The ectocranial suture closure technique is not reliable when it comes to precise age estimates. Anthropologists said that there are broad age intervals. At the same time they cannot provide a clear explanation with regards to the correlation between suture closure and age of the skeleton. But this technique is useful when it comes to the determination of age groups, whether the skeleton belongs to a child or an adult. Furthermore, this technique is useful when it comes to the validation of age estimates provided by other skeletal age determination techniques.Advertising Looking for report on aging? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Cox, M Mays, S 2000, Human osteology: in archaeology and forensic science, Oxford University Press, UK. DiGangi, E Moore, M 2012, Research methods in human skeletal biology, Academic Press, UK. Dirkmaat, D 2012, A companion to forensic anthropology, Blackwell Publishing, UK. Katzenberg, M Saunders, S 2008, Biological anthropology of the human skeleton, John Wiley Sons, New Jersey. Lieberman, D 2011, The evolution of the human head, Harvard University Press, MA. Meindl, R Lovejoy, O1985, ââ¬ËEctocranial suture closure: a revised method for the determination of skeletal age at death based on the lateral-anterior suturesââ¬â¢, The American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol. 68 no.1, pp. 57-66. Steele, D C Bramblett, 1988, The anatomy and biology of the human skeleton, Texas A M University Press, TX. White, T Folkens, P, 2005, The human bone manual, Elsevier Academic Press, UK. This report on Physical Aging: Ectocranial Suture Closure was written and submitted by user Ed1s0n to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
Monday, November 25, 2019
The burden of Hitlers legacy
The burden of Hitlers legacy Alfons Heck was born around 1927 in Rhineland near the Morsel River Region. He was brought up by his grandmother and a number of uncles and aunts. His parents and twin brother occasionally paid him visits in the farm where he lived. Hitler ascended to power when Alfons Heck was just six years old; that was in the year 1933. His teacher at that time was a full blown follower of the Nazi (Heck 2).Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on The burden of Hitlerââ¬â¢s legacy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even at his young age, Alfons somewhat had a sense of admiration for his teacher and the ideals he stood for. Hitlerââ¬â¢s regime had successfully turned him into a fanatic who was willing to lay down his life for a cause he believed was both just and achievable. For the following five or so years, Alfons attended school normally like other children and served as an altar boy in his local church. Germany had remained in turmoil in the years following World War 1 and this offered an ideal setting for the emergence of firebrand political leadership who would establish and enforce extremist ideologies (Heck 6). At this time in Germanyââ¬â¢s history, citizens were under immense pressure to make payments to the victors of war and the country was grappling with a serious economic crisis. This was when Adolf Hitler came to be known since he offered easy explanations to the problems that the people were facing and he went ahead to offer quick fix solutions. In his opinion, the Jews were to be blamed for Germanyââ¬â¢s downfall in World War 1 and the subsequent peace treaty that was a source of embarrassment to the nation. The Nazis cunningly capitalized on the political and economic distrust of the middle class and made up lies about the Jews (Heck 11).The party enjoyed a significant rise in popularity and this saw Hitler ascend to the post of Chancellor in the year 1933. Some people thought he co uld have been instrumental in dealing with communists proponents. Hitler began forming structures of the Nazi State that were based on authoritarian principles and racism. Individualsââ¬â¢ rights and freedoms were revoked while rights entrenched in the Weimar Constitution were renounced. Jews suffered persecution and discrimination, and in the year 1933, they were expelled from the civil service. This year also saw the abolishing of all trade unions. All elements of government were ââ¬Ëharmonizedââ¬â¢ to completely fit into Nazi control while all other political parties were outlawed. Germans were made to believe that their destiny was to grow and enlarge a superior population that would rule the Soviet Union. A policy was put in place to encourage the bearing of racially pure Aryan children (Heck 12). Other groups of people like Gypsies and the Jews were classified as racially inferior and were set to be eliminated.Advertising Looking for book review on history? Le t's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In that year, Nazi groups started the indiscriminate killing, molesting and maiming of Jews. Their businesses were forcefully shut while others were destroyed. Those that remained open were boycotted by the larger German population. More racist decrees and laws were formulated and enforced. The Jews were accused by the Nazis of being responsible for socialism, communism and revolutions and their positions both economically and politically placed them strategically for involvement in conspiracy theories. Thousands of Jews were confined in concentration camps while their property and synagogues were torched (Heck 13). In schools, the Nazi regime ensured that messages against Jews were relayed to children as little as four years old. This was a deliberate step by the Nazi to ensure that from a tender age, the children would be programmed to believe that Jews and other minority groups were a threat to them and that they were criminal and inferior to them(Heck 15). The teachers were instructed to ensure that their pupils forever remained to be enemies of minority groups. This indoctrination went a long way in molding the thinking and actions of Alfons Heck plus a huge number of boys who were later recruited into Nazi groups. A majority of the teachers were also ardent believers in the cause of the Nazi regime and worked to ensure they influenced their students to identify with the Nazi ideology. The author was just a young boy at the time the war commenced, but by the time it came to an end, he was an officer who was highly ranked in the group known as the Hitler Youth. The recruitment of Alfons and very many people into this group was done through carefully executed brainwashing of citizens by the flash and power of Adolf Hitler and his numerous promises for a new world order in Germany(Heck 28). He was an eager participant in a number of youth rallies that took place all over Germany and was chosen to be the leader of a large group of young boys who had been recruited to join in fighting the war. As the forces in the war began facing depletion, Hitler started depending more and more on this group (the Hitler youth). At the tender age of fifteen, Alfons had risen to become a high ranking glider pilot. When he was sixteen years old, he had already become a Bannfuhrer which is an equivalent to the present dayââ¬â¢s rank of a Major General in the United States Army and was put in charge of more than sixty thousand troops.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on The burden of Hitlerââ¬â¢s legacy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He stayed in Luftawaffe for some time when a loss of the war started becoming imminent. After his short stint in Luftawaffe, he was transferred back to the war front; specifically to a wall that was along the western border post of Germany (Heck 32).It was there h e got to personally meet and talk to Adolf Hitler. Hitler conveyed a sense of interest in Alfons and honored him with the Iron Cross for his exemplary service. When the war ended, the Allied Troops arrived to his town and since he could not communicate in fluent English and the soldiers were not conversant with German, they used him to capture all the Nazis who had now gone into hiding. When his identity was discovered, he was thrown in jail together with others. By the time the war drew to a close, the author had lost almost all his friends and the town where he was born had been reduced to mere rubble (Heck 48). While in jail, there were times when he thought that he would be executed. This was because during the war, the death of one German was avenged by killing thirty French soldiers. He was among those who sought the French soldiers that were used for the revenge missions. After spending some time in confinement, quite a number of inmates still defended the cause of the Nazis and saw nothing wrong with what they had done. Until Alfons saw the ruins that had become of Germany, he had not begun to question their fanaticism of the Nazi. During his trial, it was revealed that by December 1939, it had become compulsory for every German child above the age of ten years to join one of the two factions of the Hitler Youth group. He used this as one of his lines of defense. However, this did not aid in clearing his name at the tribunal since it was argued that with the passing of time, he had become an adult and was fully accountable for his words and actions. Amnesty did not also help acquit him because at the time he stood before the tribunal, he was already an adult. Up to this time, some of his fellow inmates still did not understand why they were being imprisoned while all they had done is serve their country and obey the orders they had received from their superiors. In prison, life was harsh due to the hard labor the inmates were subjected to and starvatio n (Heck 70). They were once given a task to dig up mass graves of French prisoners who had succumbed to injuries they got in a fighter bomber assault. After seven months in jail, he was permitted to return to school and go home during the nights. It was after going back to school and seeing his wrecked home that Alfons truly began to brood about his life under Hitlerââ¬â¢s reign. The promises that had been made had turned to a nightmare. This period in time was marked by a serious economic crisis with large numbers of German women turning to prostitution as a means to earn money while most men were in captivity. People had given up their dignity in search for food and basic items; this was a great contradiction to what had been expected to be the ââ¬Ënew Germanyââ¬â¢.Advertising Looking for book review on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When the author saw the destruction and suffering of the Germans, it dawned on him that he had done his utmost best fighting for the wrong cause (Heck 82). It is worth noting that even though a majority of teachers and civil servants had been quick to embrace the new ideology, there was still a number that resisted the pressure, clung on to their principles and refused to be members of the Nazi. The Allied troops sometimes acted unjustly as in the case where Alfonsââ¬â¢ twin brother came to visit him and his grandmother and was seized by the troops, locked up, sodomized, then released. Within the confines of the school, a new crop of Germans was emerging; one that was fed up with threats from the French. They threw out books that were written in French without fear of the consequences had they been caught. An intervention by the principal helped quiet the boys and got them to cooperate with the teachers including those who had originated from France. Seven months after Alfons had faced the tribunal, he sought permission from the liaison officer for matters concerning education from the French Military Government to visit Nuremburg. The trial was coming to an end and he wanted to catch a glimpse of the proceedings. He was granted a two week pass and allowed to travel (Heck 102). Nuremberg was a significant place because it had witnessed many domestic triumphs by Hitler and the Nazi. It was a place that synonymous with the Nazi regime however, to many German Jews and minority groups it was a place of terror and fear. It was from there that the Nazi regime made public the Racial Laws in the year 1935 that automatically revoked the citizenship of Jews. Due to brainwashing, most Germans had applauded that move and thought it would work towards enhancing the country. The mainstream churches did not do much to oppose this violation of civil rights probably due to fear of reproach from a regime that had dealt ruthlessly with opposition. At the beginning of the twen ty one trials, most Germans viewed the proceedings with complete indifference. They interpreted the trials as their victorââ¬â¢s way of exerting revenge upon them. There was no sign that the nation was prepared to come to terms with the real events or dealing with their feelings of guilt. Alfons was able to listen to the trials via some loud speakers that had been placed outside the trial chambers and heard the entire evidence of the charges that were leveled against the Nazi leadership. There were confessions by a number of the leaders including the man who was in charge of training the young boys who were members of Hitler Youth. He was found guilty of crimes against humanity and sentenced to a jail term of not less than twenty years. This was a major turning point for Alfons Heck who now fully realized that the men he had adored and served under had betrayed him and other Germans (Heck 108). That was the moment he discovered the scale of murder, child abuse and the countless a trocities that had been unleashed on innocent people. That was when he started to dissociate himself with the Nazi ideology he had once revered. He began his long journey of ââ¬Ërehabilitationââ¬â¢ that took many years. Like Alfons, so many young Germans had been duped into believing that they were doing their country great service by joining these groups. The way in which the Nuremberg trials were carried out elicited criticism since some argued that it imposed ex post- facto kind of justice which means; that the rules were created after the crimes were committed. Some said that it served as a catharsis for those who ââ¬Ëwonââ¬â¢ the war and needed to put people on trial to quench their hatred. Despite the limitations of the process, the trials achieved some significant objectives which included; preventing a blood bath which would have been witnessed had the Nazis been tried in courts that would have afforded them very able defenses (Heck 262). The accused parties were given more justice than they would have given if the tables were to be turned. The concept of individual accountability and personal responsibility was introduced and it helped dispel the notion that orders from superiors were to be followed at all costs (Heck 270). After the trials, waging aggressive war was criminalized and a declaration of human rights was drafted and adopted. Despite a number of confusing sentences and acquittals, it could be concluded that justice was served. The messages that had been relayed through the media about certain groups of people being inferior to others had been rubbished. In comparison to the heavier sentences of those tried by the tribunal in Nuremberg, Alfonsââ¬â¢ sentence looked like a slap on the wrist even though a chunk of his youth had been used negatively. Heck, Alfons. The burden of Hitlers legacy.New York: American Travellers Press, 1988.print.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Ethics and Values in the Work Place Research Paper
Ethics and Values in the Work Place - Research Paper Example The discussions about international business ethics are as old as international business itself. Throughout the decades of the 1980s and 1990s business ethics was mainly a branch of learning being trained in business schools and argued by scholars. (Charles, 2003) However, by the end of the 20th century business practitioners deal with numerous intimidating issues. A few more imperative concerns are sheathing yield of production, oppressive societal and narrow costs, dissatisfied and unfaithful staffs, a growing surge of worldwide antagonism, geopolitical turbulence, erratic currency structures, and periodic pressures of inflation, depression, and universal market volatility. A profound acquaintance of values and ethics drive business practitioners, their employees, and their organizations to do what they do might well assist them not only to endure current complexities but also to provoke the influential social and technical streams renovating the global business structure. (Frederi ck, 1995) D'Silva (2007) defines business ethics and values as an ability to distinguish between right and wrong, good and bad etc. Anything one may consider appropriate conscientiously may be regarded as ethical and vice versa. However this simply not enough as stated by D'Silva (2007) values and ethics comprise one's intellects to discriminate between moral and immoral in addition to willingness to facilitate someone in a positive manner. Business Ethics may be an approach of honorable doctrines practiced in the business world globally. It imparts strategies for suitable conduct by corporations not only in the policy formulation but in routine activities as well. A moral attempt has so far become essential in the determination of the reputation of the business and ultimately the success of course. In order to achieve this reliable status, business concerns are now making efforts to prepare and follow ethical codes of conduct decoding into the perceptions of commercial and individual account ability. A Model of Ethical decision making McDevitt, et. al., (2006) have created a model of ethical decision-making that amalgamates the decision making procedure plus the content variables taken into consideration by those coping with ethical problems. The model explains the decision-making procedure in surroundings of disagreements, alternatives and assurance with content variables. An improved interpretation of the procedure will help managers in coming up with strategies that improves the probability of ethical conduct in their firms. External environment Figure 1: Adopted from McDevitt, et. al., (2006) A number of Subject matter variables have been presented by the researchers to elucidate the ethical decision making but here only few are chosen in context with the application. These are individual and situational variables. As Figure 1 demonstrates how individual traits of a person are associated with different situational aspects to reach a final decision. Need of Educating Values and Ethics in Business Schools for Career Development As stated by Cornelius, N. et. al., (2007) in order to meet the call of the day it has become a
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